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A multiscale-contour-based interpolation framework for generating a time-varying quasi-dense point cloud sequence

Chu-hua HUANG,Dong-ming LU,Chang-yu DIAO

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第5期页码 422-434 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500316

摘要： To speed up the reconstruction of 3D dynamic scenes in an ordinary hardware platform, we propose an efficient framework to reconstruct 3D dynamic objects using a multiscale-contour-based interpolation from multi-view videos. Our framework takes full advantage of spatio-temporal-contour consistency. It exploits the property to interpolate single contours, two neighboring contours which belong to the same model, and two contours which belong to the same view at different times, corresponding to point-, contour-, and model-level interpolations, respectively. The framework formulates the interpolation of two models as point cloud transport rather than non-rigid surface deformation. Our framework speeds up the reconstruction of a dynamic scene while improving the accuracy of point-pairing which is used to perform the interpolation. We obtain a higher frame rate, spatio-temporal-coherence, and a quasi-dense point cloud sequence with color information. Experiments with real data were conducted to test the efficiency of the framework.

关键词： Multi-view video Free-viewpoint video Point-pair Multiscale-contour-based interpolation Spatio-temporal-contour Consistency Time-varying point cloud sequence

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Lobectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for early stage of non-small cell lung cancer

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 53-60 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0121-2

摘要：

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) provides a new approach for treating early-stage lung cancer. Lobectomy by VATS has many advantages over conventional thoracotomy, such as shorter recovery time, less postoperative pain, and faster resumption of a normal lifestyle. However, there is still much debate on the role of VATS in lobectomy for the treatment of lung cancer. Concerns regarding safety, the extent of mediastinal lymph node dissection, and long-term survival have made some surgeons apprehensive of its validity for lung cancer. In this paper, we review the development of thoracoscopy, the present status of VATS for early stage of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and comparison between VATS and open thoracotomy in the management of NSCLC.

关键词： non-small cell lung cancer video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy

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A reversibility-gain model for integer Karhunen-Loève transform design in video coding

Xing-guo ZHU,Lu YU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第10期页码 883-891 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500071

摘要： Karhunen-Loève transform (KLT) is the optimal transform that minimizes distortion at a given bit allocation for Gaussian source. As a KLT matrix usually contains non-integers, integer-KLT design is a classical problem. In this paper, a joint reversibility-gain (R-G) model is proposed for integer-KLT design in video coding. Specifically, the ‘reversibility’ is modeled according to distortion analysis in using forward and inverse integer transform without quantization. It not only measures how invertible a transform is, but also bounds the distortion introduced by the non-orthonormal integer transform process. The ‘gain’ means transform coding gain (TCG), which is a widely used criterion for transform design in video coding. Since KLT maximizes the TCG under some assumptions, here we define the TCG loss ratio (LR) to measure how much coding gain an integer-KLT loses when compared with the original KLT. Thus, the R-G model can be explained as follows: subject to a certain TCG LR, an integer-KLT with the best reversibility is the optimal integer transform for a given non-integer-KLT. Experimental results show that the R-G model can guide the design of integer-KLTs with good performance.

关键词： Integer transform Karhunen-Loè ve transform (KLT) Integer-KLT Transform coding Video coding

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Image analyses for video-based remote structure vibration monitoring system

Yang YANG,Xiong (Bill) YU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 12-21 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0313-6

摘要： Video-based vibration measurement is a cost-effective way for remote monitoring the health conditions of transportation and other civil structures, especially for situations where accessibility is restricted and does not allow installation of conventional monitoring devices. Besides, video-based system is global measurement. The technical basis of video-based remote vibration measurement system is digital image analysis. Comparison of the images allow the field of motion to be accurately delineated. Such information is important to understand the structure behaviors including the motion and strain distribution. This paper presents system and analyses to monitor the vibration velocity and displacement field. The performance is demonstrated on a testbed of model building. Three different methods (i.e., frame difference method, particle image velocimetry, and optical Flow Method) are utilized to analyze the image sequences to extract the feature of motion. The Performance is validated using accelerometer data. The results indicate that all three methods can estimate the velocity field of the model building, although the results can be affected by factors such as background noise and environmental interference. Optical flow method achieved the best performance among these three methods studied. With further refinement of system hardware and image processing software, it will be developed into a remote video based monitoring system for structural health monitoring of transportation infrastructure to assist the diagnoses of its health conditions.

关键词： structure health monitoring velocity estimation frame difference PIV optical-flow method

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视频分层组织方案和技术

章毓晋,陆海斌

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第3期页码 18-22

摘要：

数字视频是多媒体信息系统中重要的数据类型。传统的视频表示方法仅是一个时间序列一媒体流，所以对计算机来说，很难在内容层次上认知视频。为了有效地访问和利用视频信息，合适的视频数据组织非常重要。文章提出将视频划分成四个层次即视频节目、情节、镜头和图像帧的组织方法。这样一种分层结构提供了紧凑和有意义的视频目录，方便了视频非线性浏览和基于内容的检索。为了得到这样一种组织，不仅要检测出镜头和情节这些视频单元的边界，还要提取镜头关键帧和选择情节有代表性的镜头和代表帧。文章介绍一系列分割视频和组织视频的准则和方法，并把它们结合起来组成了一个原型实验系统。文中还给出了一些对实际视频进行组织的结果，它们表明该组织形式是非常有效的。

关键词：视频组织浏览镜头关键帧情节代表帧

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Self-generation of machining precision and its realization in lapping of super precision solid balls

ZHANG Bopeng

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第3期页码 348-353 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0065-7

摘要： This paper presents the principle of self-generation of machining precision by explaining its basic concept and five necessary conditions for forming a system with self-organization capability. A self-generation system is a kind of system with self-organization capability. The self-generation of machining precision for solid balls with super precision is emphatically explained. From the viewpoint of self-organization, there are three types of systems including system 1 with the self-regulation capability, 2 with the self-determination capability of goals, and 3 with the self-organization capability. Although they are all closed loop control systems, they have different constructions and functions. Necessary conditions for achieving self-generation of machining precision are given. Establishment of the system for machining solid balls with super precision is discussed. Self-generation of machining precision for solid balls with super precision on the basis of the capability of self-removal of errors is presented. Self-generation includes the ability of self-removal of errors for solid balls, convergence of self-removal of errors, self-generation of precision, and self-generating system for the given.

关键词： self-generation necessary self-regulation capability viewpoint Necessary

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Cell-free systems in the new age of synthetic biology

Fernando Villarreal,Cheemeng Tan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第1期页码 58-65 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1610-x

摘要： The advent of synthetic biology has ushered in new applications of cell-free transcription-translation systems. These cell-free systems are reconstituted using cellular proteins, and are amenable to modular control of their composition. Here, we discuss the historical advancement of cell-free systems, as well as their new applications in the rapid design of synthetic genetic circuits and components, directed evolution of biomolecules, diagnosis of infectious diseases, and synthesis of vaccines. Finally, we present our vision on the future direction of cell-free synthetic biology.

关键词： cell-free system application

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体育视频摘要中的镜头分类和回放检测 Research Article

Ali JAVED, Amen ALI KHAN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第5期页码 790-800 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000414

摘要：由于摄像机、回放速度、光照条件、剪辑效果、比赛结构和类型等方面的差异，体育视频摘要的自动分析具有挑战性。为了解决这些问题，针对户外运动视频，本文提出一种基于镜头分类和回放检测的有效视频摘要框架。准确的镜头分类对于更好地安排输入视频从而进行进一步处理（关键事件或回放检测）是必要的。因此，提出一种基于轻量级卷积神经网络的镜头分类方法。该方法对每一个镜头进行回放检测；特别地，检测出从体育视频中识别出回放片段的连续标识转换帧。为此，提出局部八元模式特征来表示视频帧，并训练极限学习机分为回放或非回放两类。所提框架对于摄像机、回放速度、镜头速度、光照条件、比赛结构、运动类型、广播公司、标识设计和位置、帧转换和剪辑效果具有鲁棒性。基于YouTube体育视频集中的足球、棒球和板球运动对所提框架进行性能评估。实验结果证明所提框架能够可靠地用于户外运动视频摘要的镜头分类和回放检测。

关键词：极限学习机；轻量级卷积神经网络；局部八元模式；镜头分类；回放检测；视频摘要

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重复镜头视频基于分级B帧结构的长期预测编码方案 None

Xu-guang ZUO, Lu YU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第19卷第3期页码 459-470 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601552

摘要：最新视频编码标准——高效视频编码（HEVC）——获得了远高于之前视频编码标准的编码效率。特别是，在使用分级B帧预测结构时，HEVC可显著去除临近图像间的时间冗余。实际中，消费者使用的视频——例如电视剧、电影和脱口秀等——通常包含了很多重复镜头。据我们观察，这些视频在分级B帧结构下使用HEVC编码时，每个镜头的时域相关性可以得到很好利用。然而，重复镜头之间的长期相关性并未被使用。我们提出一种长期预测方案，以利用视频中重复镜头之间的长期时域相关性。首先，聚类源视频中的相似镜头并从中抽取代表性图像作为长期参考帧。然后，使用长期参考帧对分级B帧的编码结构进行调整，以实现长期时域预测。最后，为长期参考帧设计一种自适应量化方法，以提高整体的视频编码效率。实验表明，提出的新编码方案可获得高达22.86%的编码性能增益。

关键词：高效视频编码（HEVC）；长期时域相关性；长期预测；分级B帧结构

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Recent advances in cycloaddition of CO with epoxides: halogen-free catalysis and mechanistic insights

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第12期页码 1879-1894 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2354-4

摘要： The atom-economical cycloaddition of CO₂ with epoxides to synthesize cyclic carbonates is a promising route for valuable utilization of CO₂. Halogenide such as alkali metal halides and quaternary ammonium salt have been developed as the efficient catalysts. However, the spilled halogen causes equipment corrosion and affects the product purity. To address these concerns, the halogen-free cycloaddition of CO₂ with epoxides has always been desired. In this review, we systematically discussed the halogen-free catalysis for cycloaddition of CO₂ with epoxides from the mechanistic insights, aiming to promote the development of efficient halogen-free catalysts. Two types of catalysts, i.e., alternatives of halogen nucleophiles for epoxide activation, and bifunctional catalysts with Lewis acid-base sites for synergistic activation of CO₂ and epoxides are summarized and emphasized. Specially, metal oxides as the potential halogen-free catalysts are highlighted due to their flexible acid-base sites for synergistic activation of CO₂ and epoxides, facile preparation, and low cost.

关键词： carbon dioxide halogen-free catalysis cyclic carbonate mechanistic insight

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Hollow carbon spheres and their noble metal-free hybrids in catalysis

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期页码 1380-1407 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2097-z

摘要： Hollow carbon spheres have garnered great interest owing to their high surface area, large surface-to-volume ratio and reduced transmission lengths. Herein, we overview hollow carbon sphere-based materials and their noble metal-free hybrids in catalysis. Firstly, we summarize the key fabrication techniques for various kinds of hollow carbon spheres, with a particular emphasis on controlling pore structure and surface morphology, and then heterogeneous doping as well as their metal-free/containing hybrids are presented; next, possible applications for non-noble metal/hollow carbon sphere hybrids in the area of energy-related catalysis, including oxygen reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, water splitting, rechargeable Zn-air batteries and pollutant degradation are discussed; finally, we introduce the various challenges and opportunities offered by hollow carbon spheres from the perspective of synthesis and catalysis.

关键词： hollow carbon spheres functionalization noble metal-free catalysis

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Decontamination of Cr(VI) facilitated formation of persistent free radicals on rice husk derived biochar

Kaikai Zhang, Peng Sun, Yanrong Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1106-7

摘要：

PFRs were produced on biochar during Cr(VI) decontamination.

PFRs formation on biochar was owing to the oxidization of phenolic-OH by Cr(VI).

Appearance of excessive oxidant led to the consumption of PFRs on biochar.

Biochar charred at high temperature possessed great performance to Cr(VI) removal.

关键词： Biochar Persistent free radicals Phenolic hydroxyl groups Cr(VI) reduction

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Thermoresponsive block copolymer supported Pt nanocatalysts for base-free aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期页码 1514-1523 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2092-4

摘要： A base-free catalytic system for the aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural was exploited by using Pt nanoparticles immobilized onto a thermoresponsive poly(acrylamide-co-acrylonitrile)-b-poly(N-vinylimidazole) block copolymer, with an upper critical solution temperature of about 45 °C. The Pt nanocatalysts were well-dispersed and highly active for the base-free oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural by molecular oxygen in water, affording high yields of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (up to>99.9%). The imidazole groups in the block copolymer were conducive to the improvement of catalytic performance. Moreover, the catalysts could be easily separated and recovered based on their thermosensitivity by cooling the reaction system below the upper critical solution temperature. Good stability and reusability were observed over these copolymer-immobilized catalysts with no obvious decrease in catalytic activity in the five consecutive cycles.

关键词： aerobic oxidation base-free 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural Pt nanoparticle thermoresponsive block copolymer

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高分辨率光谱视频采集 Review

Lin-sen CHEN, Tao YUE, Xun CAO, Zhan MA, David J. BRADY

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第9期页码 1250-1260 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700098

摘要：与传统视频采集技术相比，高分辨率光谱视频采集技术能够为精细农业、环境监测、遥感、军事刑侦等诸多重要领域提供高维度、高精度场景特征信息。传统光谱仪主要采用的扫描系统无法满足动态场景下的采集需求，从而限制了光谱成像技术的应用范围。近来，得益于计算摄像理论和半导体技术的快速发展，光谱视频采集技术成为可能。本文首先详细介绍了传统光谱仪的基本理论与工作原理。其次，针对光谱视频采集的核心问题，从成像理论、系统结构、关键器件等方面回顾了近年出现的瞬拍式光谱采集技术。从进一步提升光谱视频采集精度的角度出发，通过主观质量评价与客观指标比较，分析和总结了各光谱成像系统的性能优势与弊端，同时讨论了计算摄像理论、半导体制备工艺对光谱视频采集技术发展的关键作用。

关键词：多光谱/高光谱视频采集；单次曝光；采样与重建

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软件定义网络中采用可伸缩视频组播的视频会议系统 Article

En-zhong YANG,Lin-kai ZHANG,Zhen YAO,Jian YANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第7期页码 672-681 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601087

摘要：当前典型视频会议是采用多点控制单元（MCU）部署的，MCU可能导致较大服务时延，并且可能成为限制整个系统的瓶颈。随着网络技术的发展，视频会议系统可以基于软件定义网络（SDN）进行部署，SDN使服务可控并提高服务的可扩展性和灵活性。另外，可伸缩视频编码技术（SVC）也可以帮助提高视频会议系统的性能。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于SDN中SVC组播的视频会议系统架构，提出的系统摒弃了传统的因特网组管理协议（IGMP）和MCU。该系统采用SVC组播，可以依据不同会议终端的设备能力差异提供不同服务。当参会者面临网络拥塞时，SDN控制器负责动态地管理和控制视频流的层数。另外，我们设计了会议管理服务器来管理会议用户。实验结果表明，我们提出的系统不仅可以提供灵活、可控的视频传输，还可以在保证视频会议服务质量（QoS）的前提下，节省网络资源的使用。

关键词：软件定义网络；组播；可伸缩视频；视频会议系统

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标题作者时间类型操作

A multiscale-contour-based interpolation framework for generating a time-varying quasi-dense point cloud sequence

Chu-hua HUANG,Dong-ming LU,Chang-yu DIAO

期刊论文

Lobectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for early stage of non-small cell lung cancer

null

期刊论文

A reversibility-gain model for integer Karhunen-Loève transform design in video coding

Xing-guo ZHU,Lu YU

期刊论文